Military Service
Ethics & PracticeWhether the denomination permits, encourages, or forbids military service and participation in warfare, and the theological reasoning behind the position.
Key scriptures: Matthew 5:38-44, Romans 13:1-4, Matthew 26:52, Luke 3:14
Catholic (5)
Eastern Catholic (Byzantine Rite)
Affirms
Military service and just war are permitted; pacifism not required
Maronite Catholic
Affirms
Military service permitted; Maronites have significant military history in Lebanon
Old Catholic Church
Affirms
Military service permitted; just war theory; individual conscience respected
Roman Catholic
Affirms
Military service permitted under just war conditions; conscientious objection respected
Saint Thomas Christians (Syro-Malabar Church)
Affirms
Military service permitted; just war theory accepted; Catholic social teaching
Orthodox (5)
Assyrian Church of the East
Affirms
Permitted; no pacifist doctrine; defense of the church and nation permitted
Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria
Affirms
Military service permitted; Coptic martyrs honored for refusing to deny faith
Eastern Orthodox
Affirms
Military service permitted; warrior saints venerated; just war tradition affirmed
Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church
Affirms
Military service permitted; Ethiopia's Christian history includes defense of the faith
Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite)
Affirms
Military service permitted; no pacifist tradition; warrior saints venerated
Mainline Protestant (8)
Anglican / Episcopalian
Affirms
Military service legitimate under just-war tradition
Calvinist / Reformed
Affirms
Military service legitimate under just-war doctrine and civil calling
Congregationalist (UCC)
Nuanced
Historically just war; modern UCC tends toward pacifism and nonviolence
Lutheran
Affirms
Military service a legitimate vocation under just-war doctrine
Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod
Affirms
Military service permissible; just war theory affirmed; service honorable
Methodist
Nuanced
Just war tradition primary; pacifist stream within Methodist history
Presbyterian
Affirms
Military service legitimate; civil government may wage just wars
Reformed Church in America
Affirms
Permitted and honorable; just war theory; civic duty recognized; alternatives respected
Evangelical (15)
Baptist (Southern Baptist Convention)
Affirms
Military service considered honorable; just war tradition is predominant
Calvary Chapel
Affirms
Military service is honorable; no official prohibition
Christian & Missionary Alliance
Affirms
Military service permitted; just war doctrine affirmed; civic duty recognized
Christian Reformed Church in North America
Affirms
Military service permitted; just war tradition affirmed as consistent with faith
Church of the Nazarene
Affirms
Military service permitted; historic peace church minority; just war predominant
Evangelical Covenant Church
Nuanced
Just war affirmed; individual conscience respected; some pacifist members present
Evangelical Free Church of America
Affirms
Military service permitted; just war tradition; individual conscience respected
IFCA International (Independent Fundamental Churches of America)
Affirms
Military service permitted; patriotism affirmed; civic duty recognized and valued
National Association of Free Will Baptists
Affirms
Military service permitted and honored; just war tradition affirmed
Non-denominational Evangelical
Affirms
Military service is permitted and honorable; just war tradition predominant
Pentecostal (Assemblies of God)
Affirms
Military service is permitted; the AG supports chaplains and servicemembers
Presbyterian Church in America
Affirms
Permitted and honorable; just war theory affirmed; civil duty recognized
Reformed Baptist Churches (1689 London Baptist Confession)
Affirms
Military service permitted; just war theory affirmed; civic duty recognized
The Wesleyan Church
Nuanced
Just war permitted; conscientious objection honored; individual conscience guides
Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod
Affirms
Military service permissible; just war theory; service honorable and legitimate
Charismatic (5)
Charismatic Movement
Varies
Military service viewed through host tradition; generally permitted
Church of God (Anderson, Indiana)
Nuanced
Just war tradition affirmed; significant pacifist wing; individual conscience determines service
Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee)
Affirms
Military service is permitted for believers; just war principle; conscience respected
International Church of the Foursquare Gospel
Affirms
Military service is permitted for believers; just war principle; citizenship affirmed
Vineyard Churches
Varies
No official position; individual conscience respected
Anabaptist (5)
Amish (Old Order)
Denies
Military service is rejected; nonresistance is a core Amish conviction
Brethren in Christ Church
Denies
Military service discouraged; nonresistance and pacifism affirmed; conscientious objection supported
Church of the Brethren
Denies
Military service discouraged; pacifism and nonresistance affirmed; conscientious objection supported
Hutterite Brethren
Denies
Military service is rejected; nonresistance is a core Hutterite conviction
Mennonite Church
Denies
Nonresistance is required; military service is rejected as incompatible with faith
Adventist & Restorationist (5)
Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)
Varies
Peacemaking emphasized; no binding pacifist position
Christian Churches and Churches of Christ
Affirms
Military service permitted; just war theory; civic duty; no pacifist tradition
Churches of Christ
Varies
Pacifist and non-pacifist streams both present in the fellowship
International Churches of Christ
Varies
No binding position; individual conscience on military service
Seventh-day Adventist Church
Nuanced
Historically noncombatant; military service permitted but not combat roles
Other Protestant (8)
Moravian Church (Unitas Fratrum)
Varies
No unified position; some provinces pacifist; others allow military service.
Plymouth Brethren
Varies
No unified position; individual conscience determines participation.
Religious Society of Friends (Quakers)
Denies
Historic peace testimony; Quakers affirm some form of pacifism
Seventh Day Baptist General Conference
Varies
Military service varies by individual conviction; no unified denominational stance
The Salvation Army
Affirms
No prohibition; Salvation Army embraces military metaphor
True Jesus Church
Varies
Varies by individual conscience; no official church-wide prohibition or mandate
Universal Church of the Kingdom of God
Affirms
Military service permitted; no pacifist theology; Christians may bear arms in defense
Waldensian Church (Chiesa Evangelica Valdese)
Nuanced
Complex history; no unified stance; some pacifist voices; conscience respected
Non-Trinitarian (6)
Biblical Unitarians
Varies
No official stance; pacifist and just-war views both represented; conscience guides
Christadelphians
Denies
Pacifist; conscientious objectors; military service refused on biblical grounds
Church of God General Conference (Abrahamic Faith)
Nuanced
No official pacifist mandate; individual conscience guides; some peace-church influence
Jehovah's Witnesses
Denies
Absolute conscientious objectors; no military service, voting, or political involvement
Oneness Pentecostals (UPCI)
Affirms
Military service is permitted; individual conscience respected; no pacifist mandate
Unitarian Universalist
Varies
Peace witness is strong; pacifism common but not required; individual conscience respected
Latter-day Saint (2)
Unique & Independent (7)
Armstrongism (Sabbatarian splinter groups)
Denies
Pacifist; military service prohibited; members register as conscientious objectors
Church of Christ, Scientist
Varies
Historically some conscientious objectors; no formal denominational prohibition
General Church of the New Jerusalem (Swedenborgian)
Varies
No formal denominational position; individual conscience
Iglesia ni Cristo
Denies
Members prohibited from military service; pacifist stance; bloc voting instead
Message Movement (Branhamism)
Nuanced
Varies; some Message believers are conscientious objectors; no uniform position
Messianic Judaism
Varies
Israeli Messianic Jews serve in IDF; diaspora varies by conscience and citizenship
New Apostolic Church
Affirms
Military service permitted; obedience to civil authorities; Romans 13
African Independent (4)
Cherubim and Seraphim Church
Affirms
Military service permitted; no pacifist theology; Christians may bear arms in defense
Church of Jesus Christ on Earth through the Prophet Simon Kimbangu (EJCSK)
Denies
Non-violence and pacifism are core commitments; inspired by Kimbangu
Redeemed Christian Church of God
Affirms
Military service permitted; no pacifist doctrine; legitimate civic responsibility of Christians
Zion Christian Church
Varies
Historically politically neutral; no formal prohibition; historically neutral