WELS affirms that military service is a permissible and honorable vocation for Christians. Participation in military service and warfare, conducted under just war principles, is not sinful. Christians are not commanded to pacifism; rather, military service is recognized as a legitimate profession and calling within a Christian worldview.

WELS operates within the just war tradition, which recognizes that governments have the right and responsibility to defend their citizens, maintain order, and protect justice. War is justified when fought for a just cause (defense of innocent life against aggression), declared by proper authority, and conducted with right intention and a reasonable prospect of success. Violence employed by governmental authority for these purposes is not inherently sinful.

Christians serving in the military are not required to compromise their faith. WELS military chaplains serve in the armed forces, providing pastoral care and spiritual support to service members. While WELS respects conscientious objection to military service on grounds of personal conscience in some cases, it does not teach pacifism as a binding Christian doctrine or virtue. Military service is honored as a legitimate way Christians can serve their nation and protect the innocent.