The UPCI permits military service and does not require pacifism. Government authority is ordained by God (Romans 13), and military service in defense of the nation and innocent life can be consistent with Christian discipleship. Many UPCI members have served in the military without conflict with their denominational standing, and the UPCI provides pastoral care for servicemembers.

The UPCI does not extensively address just war theory in its official documents, but the denomination's general orientation — patriotic, socially conservative, and supportive of government authority — aligns with acceptance of military service as a legitimate vocation. Individual UPCI members who have personal conscientious objections to military service are respected, but pacifism is not a denominational teaching.

The UPCI's focus in ethical teaching is primarily on personal holiness, distinctive dress standards, and separation from worldly entertainment — not on political stances regarding war and peace. Military service is treated as a legitimate personal choice within the framework of Christian liberty, subject to the guidance of Scripture and the individual's relationship with God.