Matthew 16:18 — "Upon This Rock"

Mennonites deny the Catholic and Orthodox interpretation that Matthew 16:18 establishes papal or petrine authority and apostolic succession. The Anabaptist-Mennonite tradition interprets 'this rock' (petra) as referring to the confession of faith ('You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God'), not to Peter's person or office.

The Mennonite Confession of Faith affirms the church as a community of believers rather than an institution with hierarchical authority structures. Mennonites emphasize the authority of Scripture and the guidance of the Holy Spirit in the gathered community rather than in a single office or succession line. Authority in the Mennonite church is exercised through discernment and discipline within the local congregation and among congregational leaders.