Peter's faith as foundation; apostolic office; no papal authority claimed
The EFCA interprets Matthew 16:18 within its evangelical Protestant framework. The 'rock' refers to Peter's confession of faith and/or to Peter himself as an apostolic foundation. However, the EFCA firmly rejects any notion of papal primacy or infallibility. The authority granted to Peter is not understood as universal ecclesiastical jurisdiction but as apostolic function within the broader church.
The EFCA's congregational polity (local church autonomy with connection to broader EFCA fellowship) reflects its interpretation of Matthew 16:18 as establishing apostolic foundation without implying hierarchical ecclesiology. Each EFCA church recognizes apostolic faith and practice while maintaining local decision-making authority.
The 'keys of the kingdom' are understood in the EFCA as authority granted to the apostolic office and to the church for binding and loosing—forgiveness and restoration. This authority is corporate and ecclesial, not personal and papal.
Key Distinctions
- Rock referent:
- Peter role:
- congregational with presbyterial input; no papal structure
- Papal primacy:
Scripture References
Sources
- EFCA Statement of Faith
- EFCA Polity and Church Governance