Isaiah 7:14 — "Virgin or Young Woman"

Whether the Hebrew word 'almah' in Isaiah 7:14 should be translated as 'virgin' (as in the Septuagint and Matthew 1:23) or 'young woman,' and the implications for the doctrine of the virgin birth.

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Overall consensus83/100

Anglican / Episcopalian

Anglican / Episcopalian

Mainline Protestant

Affirms

Isaiah 7:14 prophesies virgin birth; fulfilled in Christ's incarnation

Anglicanism affirms the traditional Christian reading of Isaiah 7:14 as prophecy of the virgin birth of Christ. The Thirty-Nine Articles (Article II) and the Book of Common Prayer's Advent liturgy presuppose and celebrate the miraculous birth of Jesus from the Virgin Mary. This is understood as the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy in the Incarnation.

While some liberal Anglican theologians have questioned the literal historical virginity of Mary, the official formularies of the Church maintain the affirmation of the virgin birth as essential doctrine. The christological significance—that Christ's conception was miraculous and divine—is paramount.

Key Distinctions

Almah translation:
miraculous conception; essential to Incarnation doctrine
Prophecy fulfillment:
plainly fulfilled in Matthew and Luke's accounts
Marian doctrine:

Scripture References

Sources

  • Thirty-Nine Articles, Article II (1571)
  • Book of Common Prayer, Advent Liturgy (1662/1979)