Messianic Judaism follows the Hebrew Bible canon (39 books of the Old Testament) and does not accept the deuterocanonical books as authoritative Scripture. This reflects the Jewish tradition of the Hebrew canon, which was finalized by the end of the 2nd century CE.

While the deuterocanonical books (Tobit, Wisdom, Sirach, Maccabees) have historical value and are preserved in the Septuagint, they are not considered part of the authoritative Jewish scriptures. Messianic Jews affirm the Hebrew canon because it reflects the biblical books recognized as scriptural by Jewish tradition from antiquity. This maintains continuity with Jewish scriptural tradition while affirming Yeshua as Messiah.