The RCA affirms the Holy Spirit as a personal, divine member of the Trinity, coequal with the Father and Son. The Spirit is the active agent in applying Christ's redemption to believers, bringing them to faith, regenerating them, sanctifying them, and enabling their growth in grace.

The RCA historically affirmed that sign gifts (apostolic prophecy, healing) ceased with the apostolic age, but this position has become more varied in recent decades. Many RCA congregations remain cessationist, while others have become more open to the continuation or contemporary expression of spiritual gifts within proper biblical constraints.

The Spirit works through the Word and sacraments, producing fruits of righteousness and distributing gifts for building up the body. The Spirit's indwelling of believers provides assurance, enablement for holy living, and comfort in affliction. The RCA emphasizes the Spirit's work in illuminating Scripture and making God's truth real to the heart.