The Old Catholic Church affirms the immortality of the human soul and the bodily resurrection of all persons at the eschaton. The human person is composed of body and soul; death separates these, but resurrection reunites them in transformed, glorified form. The soul is conscious after death and enters an intermediate state where it awaits the resurrection of the body and final judgment.

There is theological diversity among Old Catholic branches regarding purgatory. Some branches affirm purgatory as a place of purification where those not fully sanctified undergo final preparation before entering heaven—a doctrine inherited from Catholic tradition but understood apart from papal definitions. Others downplay or reject purgatory while maintaining general purificatory processes after death. The intercession of saints is affirmed by most branches, though again with variation in emphasis.

All Old Catholics affirm bodily resurrection of all persons, both the righteous and the unrighteous. The resurrection is not merely spiritual but involves the recovery and transformation of the body. Believers will experience the beatific vision in heaven; the unrepentant will face eternal separation from God. This maintains both the reality of personal existence beyond death and the eschatological hope of resurrection.