The Augsburg Confession explicitly rejects premillennialism. Article XVII condemns those who 'spread the Jewish opinion that, before the resurrection of the dead, saints and godly men will possess a worldly kingdom and annihilate all the godless.' This reflects an amillennial or realized eschatological reading of Revelation 20, in which the millennium is understood symbolically as the church age rather than as a future literal thousand-year reign.

Lutheran theology reads the relevant passages in Revelation as apocalyptic literature describing the present reign of Christ through the Gospel, not a future earthly kingdom after his return. The focus is on the Last Day as the single eschatological event uniting resurrection, judgment, and consummation. Some individual Lutheran theologians in later centuries have explored pre- or postmillennial frameworks, but confessional Lutheranism maintains the rejection of chiliasm (belief in a literal thousand-year earthly reign).