The Kimbanguist Church is organized in a hierarchical structure with the Chef spirituel (spiritual chief) at the apex, drawing from the lineage of Simon Kimbangu. This position holds supreme spiritual authority in matters of doctrine and practice. Below the Chef spirituel are bishops and pastors who oversee regions and congregations. The authority structure reflects an understanding of spiritual succession through Kimbangu's family, combined with more traditional ecclesiastical hierarchy.

Women play active and visible roles in worship, evangelism, and community leadership, though their participation in higher ordained offices varies by level and region.