Jehovah's Witnesses teach that the one true God is Jehovah (YHWH), whose personal name appears thousands of times in the Hebrew Scriptures and whose identity must be distinguished from other divine beings. Jehovah is the supreme, all-powerful, all-knowing, eternal Creator of the universe, whose qualities of love, justice, wisdom, and power are expressed throughout Scripture. A central conviction is that God's name—Jehovah—should be known and used, and that Christendom's replacement of this name with 'Lord' or 'God' has obscured his identity.

Jehovah's Witnesses therefore place unusual emphasis on the divine name, incorporating 'Jehovah' into their very identity as a group ('Jehovah's Witnesses'). Their New World Translation restores the name 'Jehovah' at approximately 7,000 points in the Old Testament (following the Hebrew text) and also inserts it into the New Testament where the text quotes Old Testament passages using the divine name. Jehovah is understood as a personal God who cares for his creation, communicates with humans through Scripture and his organization, and will ultimately vindicate his sovereignty through the destruction of Satan's system and the establishment of a paradise earth.