The EFCA affirms that human beings possess an immortal soul and that physical death does not end conscious personal existence. The 2008 Statement of Faith includes eschatological articles affirming the bodily resurrection of all the dead — believers to eternal life with God, and the unrighteous to eternal judgment. The intermediate state (the condition of the soul between individual death and the general resurrection) is not elaborated in the Statement, but the dominant EFCA position follows the mainstream evangelical view of conscious existence with God for the departed believer.

The EFCA's affirmation of bodily resurrection is essential: salvation involves the redemption of the whole person, body and soul, not merely the survival of a disembodied spirit. The resurrection of Christ is the guarantee and model for the resurrection of believers. The glorified, resurrection body is the form in which believers will enjoy eternal life.

Soul sleep (the unconscious state of the dead between death and resurrection) and annihilationism are minority views in EFCA circles. The dominant position follows the traditional evangelical understanding: believers who die are with Christ (Philippians 1:23; 2 Corinthians 5:8) in a conscious state of blessedness, awaiting the final resurrection.