Disciples interpret Matthew 16:18 to emphasize that faith in Jesus Christ—not institutional structure or a particular leader—is the true foundation of the church. The passage affirms the role of the apostles and Peter specifically, but Disciples ecclesiology does not translate this into hierarchical church governance or papal claims. The Restoration Movement explicitly rejected creeds and hierarchical structures, understanding the church as the community of those who confess Jesus as Lord. The 'rock' on which the church is built is understood as the confession of Jesus' lordship, which is accessible to all believers. Authority rests with the whole church gathered in covenant.