The Church of the Nazarene observes Christmas and Easter as the primary Christian holidays, celebrating Christ's birth and resurrection with special worship services and programming. These holidays are treated as important occasions for proclamation of the gospel and renewal of faith, consistent with the denomination's evangelical emphasis on conversion and Christian commitment.

The Nazarene tradition does not impose a formal liturgical calendar (Advent, Lent, etc.) as mandatory, though many Nazarene churches voluntarily incorporate these seasons for spiritual formation purposes. The Wesleyan spiritual formation tradition, with its emphasis on means of grace and intentional discipleship, is compatible with liturgical rhythms, and many Nazarene congregations observe Advent and Lent informally.

The Nazarene Church's worldwide membership — spanning over 160 countries — means that cultural observances around holidays vary significantly by region. The denomination does not enforce uniform practices on holidays beyond the central Christian celebrations of Christmas and Easter. Cultural sensitivity and contextual application of Christian principles guide local practice.