Denies
Shepherd of Hermas not canonical; 2nd-century document without apostolic authority
The CRC does not accept the Shepherd of Hermas as canonical Scripture. This 2nd-century Christian document, while historically important, lacks apostolic authority and universal early recognition. The CRC applies strict criteria for canonicity: apostolic origin, early universal reception, and doctrinal consistency. The Shepherd of Hermas meets none of these criteria. While it may be read for historical understanding and spiritual edification, it is not binding for doctrine or discipline. The CRC maintains a closed canon of 27 NT books, established by ecumenical consensus.
Key Distinctions
- Canonical status:
- non-canonical; 2nd century
- Historical value:
- Doctrinal authority:
- not universally recognized by early church
Scripture References
Sources
- CRC Statement on Biblical Canon
- Belgic Confession, Article IV