Fully divine and fully human; eternal Son incarnate; two natures, one person
The CRCNA affirms the Chalcedonian Christology: Jesus Christ is truly God and truly man, with two complete natures (divine and human) united in one person without confusion, change, division, or separation. The Heidelberg Catechism (Q&A 16–18) teaches that the Son of God took on true human nature, became truly human while remaining truly divine, and accomplished our redemption through his entire life, suffering, death, and resurrection.
Christ's divine nature is coequal and coeternal with the Father and Spirit. His humanity is equally affirmed — he took on a true human body and soul, experienced genuine temptation and suffering, and underwent a real death. The incarnation is not merely apparent or docetic but a genuine assumption of human nature. Yet the union of these two natures in one person is so complete that Christ's actions have infinite worth and efficacy.
The CRCNA confessions emphasize Christ's three offices: prophet, priest, and king. As prophet, he reveals God's truth; as priest, he offers the sacrifice for sins; as king, he rules over the church and creation. These offices are central to understanding Christ's redemptive work and present reign. Christ ascended to the right hand of God, where he intercedes for believers and will return to judge the living and the dead.
Key Distinctions
- Natures formula:
- two complete natures (divine and human) united in one person (hypostatic union)
- Conciliar affiliation:
- Council of Chalcedon (451) affirmed
Scripture References
Sources
- Heidelberg Catechism, Q&A 16–19
- Belgic Confession, Article 10
- Nicene Creed; Council of Chalcedon (451)