Christadelphians practice two key observances: believer's baptism by full immersion and the weekly breaking of bread (Lord's Supper). Baptism is not merely symbolic — it is understood as the moment of entering the covenant with God and being identified with Christ's death and resurrection. Unbaptized people, even if they believe and live morally, are not considered members of the covenant community and cannot participate in the breaking of bread. Baptism must be preceded by genuine understanding of the Christadelphian gospel, so infant baptism is entirely rejected.

The breaking of bread is the central act of Christadelphian worship, conducted every Sunday in most ecclesias. Unlike most Protestant traditions, the Lord's Supper is not a peripheral or occasional rite but the weekly gathering point of the community. Members gather around the table to remember Christ's death, examine themselves, and renew their commitment. The bread and cup are symbolic — Christadelphians hold no doctrine of real presence — but the act is treated with deep reverence as the most important communal practice.

Persistently sinful or unorthodox members may be withdrawn from (disfellowshipped) and barred from the breaking of bread. This is the primary instrument of community discipline in Christadelphian ecclesias. Fellowship at the table signifies doctrinal and moral unity, so questions of fellowship are taken seriously and can lead to divisions between individual members or entire ecclesias.