The Thirty-Nine Articles (Article IX) define original sin as 'the fault and corruption of the Nature of every man, that naturally is engendered of the offspring of Adam; whereby man is very far gone from original righteousness, and is of his own nature inclined to evil, so that the flesh lusteth always contrary to the spirit.' This article affirms both original guilt (inherited sin) and the ongoing reality of concupiscence (disordered desire) even in the baptized.

Anglican theology is firmly within the Western Augustinian tradition on original sin, while not developing it with quite the systematic rigor of Lutheran or Reformed scholasticism. Baptism is understood to address original sin — the Prayer Book baptismal service prays for the child to be delivered from the corruption of original sin. Article IX also echoes Lutheran concerns by noting that concupiscence remains after baptism, even if it does not lead to condemnation for the baptized.